Intervenciones clínicas, educativas y psicosociales para la prevención de la conducta suicida en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes: una revisión sistemática
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7901607Palabras clave:
Suicidio; Prevención; Intervención; EducaciónResumen
El suicidio se presenta como uno de los problemas de salud pública más importantes en la población joven y adolescente. Las dificultades para su estudio han provocado que no existan muchas revisiones e investigaciones sobre sus posibles formas de abordaje. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de las intervenciones clínicas, psicosociales y educativas para la prevención de suicidio en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Se realizó una búsqueda en tres bases de datos especializadas (PubMed, Scopus y Web of Sciences) que examinan la evidencia científica de acuerdo con los principios establecidos en el protocolo de la revisión sistemática registrado en PROSPERO (CRD42021242348). Se incluyeron 34 estudios que muestran la influencia de los tratamientos clínicos basados en el modelo cognitivo, la capacitación y el acompañamiento motivacional en la intervención educativa para aumentar el alcance de las intervenciones y su seguimiento. Se discuten algunos aspectos sobre la calidad de estos programas, la diferencia de acciones de prevención en diferentes regiones geográficas, y los programas más usados.
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