Adolescent suicidal ideation: an analysis in the context of vulnerability

Abstract

Suicidal ideation in adolescents is a tangible public health problem that has intensified as a result of high rates of social vulnerability. In this research, we analyzed the psychosocial factors that are interrelated to suicidal ideation in adolescents attending school in commune ten of the district of Riohacha, Colombia, a region where vulnerability conditions such as extreme poverty, educational exclusion, precariousness and ethnic marginalization are evident. To achieve this end, a mixed methodological approach was used, with a recurrent design, through the application of quantitative and qualitative instruments to a population of 30 adolescent students between the ages of 12 and 18, in order to evaluate depressive symptomatology, self-esteem and self-concept, elements associated with suicidal ideation. Among the main findings, it was revealed the high presence of depression, low self-esteem and negative self-concept, accompanied by dysfunctional families, low academic performance, isolation, among other aspects, which is a conditioning factor for the increase of suicidal ideation in adolescents. It was concluded that suicidal ideation should be addressed from broad, holistic and interdisciplinary approaches, connecting different scenarios, environments and approaches, in order to develop prevention strategies in line with the social reality.