Potentialities for rural tourism development in the community of El Churo, Pedernales.

• Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-8907

• Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador

• Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador

• Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ecuador

The objective was to diagnose the physical, natural, social and cultural conditions of the El Churo community with the purpose of proposing the development of rural tourism, where the natural and cultural potential is included through tourism activities. Methodologically, it is within the positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach, with an exploratory scope or level, documentary type, together with the field design. In terms of tourism, a SWOT matrix was made in order to understand the context and plan. As a result, this community has geographic, natural and social characteristics with certain cultural particularities that make it potentially touristic; to this is added that the geographic location allows the practice of aquatic sports as well as sport fishing, as well as contact with the mangrove and species such as the concha prieta (black conch), used for local consumption and commerce.

ALCÍVAR, I., & CEDEÑO, N. (2021). From fishing community to tourist destination: hotel evolution in Pedernales and proposals before COVID-19. II International Congress cficientific Research for Agro-Tourism Business Development.

ARIAS, F. (2012). The Research Project. Caracas, Venezuela: Episteme.

BASTIDAS, G., & HERNÁNDEZ, R. (2019). Climate change some aspects to consider for the survival of living being: systematic literature review. Cuidarte Journal, 10 (3), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.664.https://doi. org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.664

BRAVO, M. (2018). Tourism development plan for the cantón of Pedernales: an integral strategy for tourism development. Municipal Government of Pedernales.

CABANILLA, E. (2015). Cultural Impacts of Community Tourism in Ecuador on the Role of the Shaman and Magical-Religious Rites. Estudios y Perspectivas En Turismo Volumen, 24, 356-373.

CORTÉS, V., & GONZÁLEZ, J. (2015). Manual de buenas prácticas en la pesca de palangre de fondo. Universitat de Barcelona. https://www.ub.edu/web/ub/ca/menu_eines/noticies/docs/manual_pesca_palangre _ UB.pdf.

DELGADO, L. (Video Creation and Editing). (2021). Video: El Churo Community. Ecuador.

FARFAN, Á. (2016). Tourism development in the canton of Pedernales: development strategies. Revista Científica Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, 1(1), 51-65.

GOBIERNO AUTÓNOMO DECENTRALIZADO DEL CANTÓN PEDERNALES. (2014). Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial del cantón Pedernales 2014-2019. GAD Pedernales.

DECENTRALIZED AUTONOMOUS GOVERNMENT OF THE CANTON OF PEDERNALES. (2020). Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial del Cantón Pedernales 2020-2032. GAD Pedernales. https://www.pedernales.gob.ec/

DECENTRALIZED AUTONOMOUS GOVERNMENT OF THE PARISH OF COJIMÍES. (2019). Festivities of the parish of Cojimíes. GAD de Cojimíes. https://gadcojimies.gob.ec/manabi/festividades/.

GUTIÉRREZ, E. (2005). Market study of mollusks: oysters, mussels and clams in Central America and the domestic market of black shells in Nicaragua. Universidad Centroamericana.

GUZMÁN, M., & ENCARNACIÓN, G. (2020). Experiential tourism product design for the San Antonio shrimp farm in the province of El Oro [Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil]. http://repositorio.ucsg.edu.ec/bitstream/3317/14777/1/T- UCSG-PRE-ESP- AETH-574.pdf.

HERNÁNDEZ, R., FERNÁNDEZ, C., & BAPTISTAS, P. (2018). Research Methodology. Mc Graw Hill Education.

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS AND CENSUS. (2010). Results of the 2010 census of population and housing in Ecuador.

INOSTROZA, G. (2008). Aportes para un modelo de gestión sostenible del turismo comunitario en la Región Andina. Gestión Turística, 10, 15. https://doi.org/0717- 1811.

JARAMILLO, J. (2015). Plan de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial de la parroquia Cojimíes 2015-2019. GAD Cojimíes. https://gadcojimies.gob.ec/manabi/wp- content/uploads/2015/01/PDOTCOJIMIES.pdf.

LAZARICH, R., RIVAS, F., & ARGÜELLO, G. (2009). Market study of black conch (Anadara similis and Anadara tuberculosa) in Nicaragua. Central American University.

MEDINA, R., MACHADO, L., & VIVANCO, G. (2016). Nature, environment and dry forest ecosystems from public law. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 8 (3), 108¬115.

MINISTRY OF TOURISM. (2015). Proyecto Ecuador potencia turística fVol. 1, Issue 1).

MINISTRY OF TOURISM. (2018). Manual of tourist attractions. https://servicios.turismo.gob.ec/descargas/InventarioAtractivosTuristicos/MANU AL-ATRACTIVOS-TURISTICOS.pdf

MINISTRY OF TOURISM. (2020a). Behavior of Tourism at National level given the new normality generated by the affectation of the COVID-19 virus. https://servicios. turismo.gob. ec/descargas/Turismo- cifras/Publicaciones/DespuesCovid/Comportamiento-Covid-VERSION- FINAL_JSP.pdf

MINISTRY OF TOURISM OF ECUADOR. (2020). Tourism Indicators (January - December 2019). In Información relevante del Turismo en el Ecuador. https://servicios.turismo.gob.ec/descargas/Turismo-cifras/Publicaciones/BoletinesMensualesTurismo/2020/Indicadores-turisticos-enero-2020.pdf.

MUNICIPALITY OF PEDERNALES. (2019). In El Churo the Concha Festival was held. https://pedernales.gob.ec/index.php/noticias/293-en-el-churo-se-realizo-el-festival-de-la-concha

OLIVES, MIRELLA. (July 09, 2021). Interview. El Churo, Pedernales, Manabí, Ecuador.

OLIVES JACINTO (July 9, 2021). Interview. El Churo, Pedernales, Manabí, Ecuador. Ministry of tourism. (2018). Manual of tourist attractions. Ecuador; Quito.

INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION (ILO). (2008). Local governments, community-based tourism and their networks (International Labour Organization (ed.); 1st ed.) International Labour Office; Employment Sector.

RICAURTE, C. (2009). Manual for local tourism diagnosis, Guide for planners (ESPOL (ed.)). http://unrn.edu.ar/blogs/pt/files/2013/03/6- Ricaurte09- GuiaPlanTuris-ver-fichas-al-final-post-2007.pdf.

RODRÍGUEZ, G., AFRE, M., DOMÍNGUEZ, O., ROJAS, Y., & PÉREZ, A. (2019). Ecosystem services in mangroves: potentiality for food security in coastal communities. Revista Cubana de Ciencias Forestales, 7 (1), 56-71.

RODRÍGUEZ, G., CHIRIBOGA, F., & LOJAN, A. (2016). Ecuadorian shrimp farms: an environmental controversy. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 8 (3), 151-156.

ROMERO, N. (2014). Neoliberalism and shrimp industry in Ecuador. Letras Verdes, Latin American Journal of Socio-environmental Studies, 15. https://doi. org/10.17141/letrasverdes. 15.2014.1257. https://doi.org/10.17141/letrasverdes.15.2014.1257

SANA AMBIENTE. (2019). Management plan for the use and custody of 258.31 hectares of demanglar by the Asociación de Producción Pesquera Artesanal El Churo ASOPROPECHU (pp. 1-49). Ministry of the Environment.

SANTOS, R. (2021). Rural tourism in Ecuador (Ostelea (ed.); 1st ed.). Planeta Formación y Universidades. Retrieved from:https://www.ostelea.com/sites/default/files/2021- 027Rural_Tourism_Report.pdf

SOSA, T., SÁNCHEZ, J., & MELGAREJO, M. (2009). Functional role of fungi in mangrove ecosystems. Marine and Coastal Research Bulletin- INVEMAR, 38 (1), 39-57.

SUBSECRETARIA DE RECURSOS PESQUEROS (2008): Acuerdo Ministerial No. 149-Veda permanente de la concha prieta. https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/es/c/LEX-FAOC084341

• PDF (Spanish)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.