Relación fecundidad y educación: una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19010514Palabras clave:
Fecundidad, matrícula, educación, transición demográfica.Resumen
Este artículo analiza mediante una revisión de la literatura científica, cómo se ha abordado la relación entre la fecundidad y la educación en Colombia y otras regiones del mundo , entre los años 2000 y 2025. El sustento teórico es la Teoría de la Transición Demográfica. En la literatura se evidencia una reducción sostenida de la natalidad, que ha llevado a una disminución del grupo poblacional en edad escolar. Utiliza un enfoque metodológico descriptivo-interpretativo, basado en fuentes oficiales como el DANE, Ministerio de Educación, revistas indexadas de bases de datos como Scopus, WOS, Redalyc. En la literatura se identifican causas como: el cierre de brechas de género en la educación, alcanzando la paridad entre estos, el retraso de la maternidad y creencias o dogmas religiosos, la puesta en marcha de políticas públicas.
Descargas
Referencias
Adhikari, S., Goujon, A., Lutz, W., & KC, S. (2024). Forecasting Africa’s fertility decline by female education groups. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2320247121
Alzúa, M. L., & Velázquez, C. (2017). The effect of education on teenage fertility: Evidence from Argentina. IZA Journal of Development and Migration. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40176-017-0100-8
Bongaarts, J. (2017). Africa’s unique fertility transition. Population and Development Review, 43(S1), 39–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2016.00164.x
Chen, S. (2022). The positive effect of women’s education on fertility in China. European Journal of Population. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-021-09603-2
Chicoine, L. (2021). Free primary education, schooling, and fertility: Evidence from Ethiopia. World Bank Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhz033
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Dávalos Álvarez, E., & Morales Zurita, L. F. (2018). En crisis económicas la tasa de fertilidad se reduce en sectores más pobres. Revista Universidad EAFIT, (5858), 1– 16. https://publicaciones.eafit.edu.co/index.php/revista-universidad-eafit/article/view/5858/4603
Esping-Andersen, G., & Billari, F. C. (2015). Re-theorizing family demographics. Population and Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2015.00024.x
García, J., & Hernández, G. (2017). Relación entre la educación y las preferencias de fecundidad en México. Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos.
Götmark, F., & Andersson, M. (2020). Human fertility in relation to education, economy, religion and family planning programs. BMC Public Health, 20, 265. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8331-7
Goujon, A., Lutz, W., & KC, S. (2015). Education stalls and subsequent stalls in African fertility decline. Demographic Research, 33, 1281–1296. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2015.33.47
Heath, R., & Jayachandran, S. (2017). Women’s education, marriage, and fertility outcomes: Evidence from India. Journal of Human Resources. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.53.4.1215-7585R1
Helleringer, S., & Kohler, H.-P. (2021). Demographic transition and schooling: Evidence from Colombia. Population and Development Review, 47(2), 321–354. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/psp.2845
Jaramillo-Echeverri, J. (2023). Fertility, education and social mobility in Colombia, 1950–2018 [Doctoral dissertation, London School of Economics and Political Science]. LSE Theses Online. https://etheses.lse.ac.uk/4476/
Jaramillo-Echeverri, J. (2023). The Latin American fertility transition: Education, timing and inequality. European Historical Economics Society Working Papers. https://files.ehs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/07153227/JJE_EHS.pdf
Jaramillo-Echeverri, J., & Gómez, J. (2024). Simultaneous and widespread: Colombia's fertility transition. International Journal of Population Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2024.2430035
Kim, J. (2016). Female education and its impact on fertility. IZA World of Labor. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.228
Kirdar, M., Dayioglu, M., & Koç, I. (2018). The effect of compulsory schooling laws on teenage marriage and births in Turkey. Journal of Human Resources, 54(4), Article 0117-8564R. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.54.4.0117.8564R
Laverde Salamanca, F. (2025, marzo 3). Cae la natalidad, Colombia envejece: Retos y oportunidades. Revista Puntos. https://revistapuntos.uniandes.edu.co/cae-la-natalidad-colombia-envejece-retos-y-oportunidades/
Lesthaeghe, R. (2020). The Second Demographic Transition 1986–2020, sub‑replacement fertility and rising cohabitation—A global update. Genus, 76(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00077-4
Lima, E., Zeman, K., Castro, R., & Sobotka, T. (2018). The emergence of bimodal fertility profiles in Latin America. Population and Development Review, 44(1), 73–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12157
Liu, D., & Raftery, A. E. (2020). How do education and family planning accelerate fertility decline? Population and Development Review, 46(3), 409–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12347
Musick, K., Brand, J., & Davis, D. (2020). Education differences in intended and unintended fertility. Population and Development Review. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12369
Nitsche, N., Matysiak, A., van Bavel, J., & Vignoli, D. (2018). Partners’ educational pairings and fertility across Europe. Demography, 55(4), 1195–1222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0697-1
Olarte Muñoz, I. S. (2025, marzo 21). Colombia | La caída de la natalidad: ¿avance social o riesgo futuro? BBVA Research. https://www.bbvaresearch.com/publicaciones/colombia-la-caida-de-la-natalidad-avance-social-o-riesgo-futuro/
Ordóñez Erazo, H. A., Ordóñez, C., & Bucheli-Guerrero, V. A. (2022). Predicción de factores clave en el aumento de la demografía en Colombia a través del ensamble de modelos de Machine Learning. Revista Científica, 44(2), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.14483/23448350.19205
Pantelides, E. (2016). La persistencia de la fecundidad adolescente en América Latina. Notas de Población (CEPAL).
Parker, S. W., Todd, P. E., & Wolpin, K. I. (2023). Do conditional cash transfers reduce fertility? Population and Development Review, 49(1), 35–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12576
Salinas, V. (2023). Access to higher education and adolescent fertility in Chile. Studies in Family Planning.
Sanhueza, A., Marcelino, T., Gutiérrez, M., & Arias, R. (2023). Trends and inequities in adolescent childbearing in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(23)00080-9
Shapiro, D. (2017). Linkages between women’s education and fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Population Studies.
Surkyn, J., & Lesthaeghe, R. (2004). Value orientations and the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) in Northern, Western and Southern Europe: An update. Demographic Research, Special Collection 3, 45–86.
Snopkowski, K., Schaffnit, S. B., & Sear, R. (2016). Pathways from education to fertility decline: A multi-site comparative study. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 371(1692), Article 20150156. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0156
Tropf, F. C., & Mandemakers, J. J. (2017). Is the association between education and fertility postponement causal Demography, 54, 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0531-5
Upadhyay, U. D., Gipson, J. D., Withers, M., Lewis, S., Ciaraldi, E. J., Fraser, A., Huchko, M. J., & Prata, N. (2014). Women’s empowerment and fertility: A review of the literature. Social Science & Medicine, 115, 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.045
Vasireddy, S., Kulu, H., & Mikolai, J. (2021). Education and fertility in Europe: Recent research review. Comparative Population Studies. https://doi.org/10.12765/CPoS-2021-10
Vollset, S. E., Goren, E., Yuan, C. W., Cao, J., Smith, A. E., Hsiao, T., ... & Murray, C. J. L. (2020). Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: A forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. The Lancet, 396(10258), 1285–1306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Encuentros. Revista de Ciencias Humanas, Teoría Social y Pensamiento Crítico.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
